目錄
第一章? 體育與健康概述 .................................................................................................................... 1
第一節(jié)? 什么是體育 .................................................................................................................... 2
一、“體育”的起源 ............................................................................................................2
二、體育的類型 ..................................................................................................................3
三、體育的功能 ..................................................................................................................3
第二節(jié)? 什么是健康 .................................................................................................................... 5
一、健康的概念 ..................................................................................................................5
二、健康的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ..................................................................................................................6
三、亞健康 ..........................................................................................................................7
四、健康法則 ......................................................................................................................7
第三節(jié)? 學(xué)校體育概述 .................................................................................................................... 10
一、學(xué)校體育的概念 ........................................................................................................10
二、學(xué)校體育的意義 ........................................................................................................11
三、學(xué)校體育的特征 ........................................................................................................12
四、學(xué)校體育的組織形式 ................................................................................................12
五、學(xué)校體育課 ................................................................................................................15
六、學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì) ................................................................................................................16
第二章? 體育鍛煉與運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷 .................................................................................................................... 19
第一節(jié)? 體育鍛煉的基本原理 20
一、體育鍛煉的能量供應(yīng)理論 ........................................................................................20
二、體育鍛煉的超量恢復(fù)理論 ........................................................................................21
三、運(yùn)動(dòng)負(fù)荷有效價(jià)值閾的理論 ....................................................................................22
第二節(jié)? 體育鍛煉的基本原則 ....................................................................................................................22
一、意識(shí)性原則 ..........................................................................................................................22
二、循序漸進(jìn)原則 ......................................................................................................................22
三、因人制宜原則 ......................................................................................................................23
四、全面發(fā)展原則 ......................................................................................................................23
五、反復(fù)性原則 ..........................................................................................................................23
第三節(jié)? 體育鍛煉的基本方法 .................................................................................................................... 23
一、重復(fù)鍛煉法 ..........................................................................................................................23
二、連續(xù)鍛煉法 ..........................................................................................................................24
三、變換鍛煉法 ..........................................................................................................................24
四、負(fù)重鍛煉法 ..........................................................................................................................24
五、間歇鍛煉法 ..........................................................................................................................24
六、循環(huán)鍛煉法 ..........................................................................................................................25
第四節(jié)? 體育鍛煉計(jì)劃的制訂 .................................................................................................................... 25
一、制訂體育鍛煉計(jì)劃的依據(jù)和保證 ......................................................................................25
二、明確體育鍛煉的目的 ..........................................................................................................25
三、制訂體育鍛煉計(jì)劃的原則 ..................................................................................................25
四、制訂和實(shí)施體育鍛煉計(jì)劃的步驟 ......................................................................................26
第五節(jié)? 運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷 .................................................................................................................... 26
一、運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷的原因 ..................................................................................................................26
二、運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷的預(yù)防 ..................................................................................................................27
三、運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷的處理 ..................................................................................................................27
第六節(jié)? 運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷與急救 .................................................................................................................... 30
一、急救的原則 ..........................................................................................................................30
二、急救的方法 ..........................................................................................................................30
第七節(jié)? 運(yùn)動(dòng)性疾病與急救 .................................................................................................................... 31
一、延遲性肌肉酸痛 ..................................................................................................................32
二、運(yùn)動(dòng)性腹痛 ..........................................................................................................................32
三、運(yùn)動(dòng)性貧血 ..........................................................................................................................33
四、運(yùn)動(dòng)性昏迷 ..........................................................................................................................34
五、運(yùn)動(dòng)中暑 ..............................................................................................................................34
六、肌肉痙攣 ..............................................................................................................................35
第八節(jié)? 體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中的自我監(jiān)督 .................................................................................................................... 35
一、主觀感覺 ..............................................................................................................................35
二、客觀檢查 ..............................................................................................................................36
第三章? 大學(xué)生心理健康 .................................................................................................................... 39
第一節(jié)? 大學(xué)生心理健康概述 40
一、心理健康的含義 ..................................................................................................................40
二、大學(xué)生心理健康的意義 ......................................................................................................40
三、增進(jìn)大學(xué)生心理健康的途徑和方法 ..................................................................................41
第二節(jié)? 體育活動(dòng)對(duì)心理健康的作用 42
一、體育活動(dòng)有助于改善情緒狀態(tài) ..........................................................................................42
二、體育活動(dòng)可增強(qiáng)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)功能 ..........................................................................................42
三、體育活動(dòng)可緩解心理壓力 ..................................................................................................42
四、體育鍛煉能促進(jìn)人際交往 ..................................................................................................43
五、體育活動(dòng)能促進(jìn)意志品質(zhì)的培養(yǎng) ......................................................................................43
六、體育活動(dòng)有助于緩解大腦疲勞 ..........................................................................................43
第三節(jié)? 增進(jìn)心理健康的運(yùn)動(dòng)處方 43
一、矯正不同心理問題的運(yùn)動(dòng)處方 ..........................................................................................43
二、運(yùn)動(dòng)處方的實(shí)施過程及模式 ..............................................................................................44
第四章? 大學(xué)生身體素質(zhì) .................................................................................................................... 47
第一節(jié)? 基本運(yùn)動(dòng)——跑 48
第二節(jié)? 短跑 48
一、起跑器及其使用方法 ..........................................................................................................48
二、短跑的技術(shù)動(dòng)作要領(lǐng) ..........................................................................................................49
三、短跑過程中的易犯錯(cuò)誤 ......................................................................................................50
四、50 米跑 .................................................................................................................................50
第三節(jié)? 中長(zhǎng)跑 51
一、中長(zhǎng)跑技術(shù) ..........................................................................................................................51
二、中長(zhǎng)跑訓(xùn)練方法 ..................................................................................................................53
第四節(jié)? 立定跳遠(yuǎn) 53
一、立定跳遠(yuǎn)技術(shù)動(dòng)作要領(lǐng) ......................................................................................................54
二、影響立定跳遠(yuǎn)成績(jī)的因素 ..................................................................................................54
三、立定跳遠(yuǎn)時(shí)的易犯錯(cuò)誤 ......................................................................................................55
第五章? 大球運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目 ....................................................................................................................57
第一節(jié)? 籃球 58
一、籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)概述 ......................................................................................................................58
二、籃球基本技術(shù) ......................................................................................................................59
三、籃球基本戰(zhàn)術(shù) ......................................................................................................................68
四、籃球基本規(guī)則 ......................................................................................................................72
第二節(jié)? 排球 ....................................................................................................................73
一、排球運(yùn)動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)介 ......................................................................................................................73
二、排球基本技術(shù) ......................................................................................................................75
三、排球基本戰(zhàn)術(shù) ......................................................................................................................83
四、排球競(jìng)賽規(guī)則 ......................................................................................................................83
第三節(jié)? 足球 84
一、足球運(yùn)動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)介 ......................................................................................................................84
二、足球基本技術(shù) ......................................................................................................................85
三、足球基本戰(zhàn)術(shù) ......................................................................................................................91
四、足球競(jìng)賽規(guī)則 ......................................................................................................................93
第六章? 小球運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目 ....................................................................................................................95
第一節(jié)? 乒乓球 96
一、乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)介 ..................................................................................................................96
二、乒乓球競(jìng)賽規(guī)則 ..................................................................................................................97
第二節(jié)? 羽毛球 98
一、羽毛球運(yùn)動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)介 ..................................................................................................................98
二、羽毛球競(jìng)賽規(guī)則 ..................................................................................................................98
第三節(jié)? 健步球 100
一、健步球運(yùn)動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................................................100
二、健步球運(yùn)動(dòng)器械與場(chǎng)地 ....................................................................................................103
三、健步球打法、規(guī)則、球場(chǎng)禮儀 ........................................................................................105
第七章? 形體運(yùn)動(dòng)技術(shù) .................................................................................................................... 111
第一節(jié)? 健美操 112
一、健美操概述 ........................................................................................................................ 112
二、健美操的基本動(dòng)作 ............................................................................................................ 115
第二節(jié)? 體育舞蹈 120
一、體育舞蹈概述 ....................................................................................................................120
二、摩登舞 ................................................................................................................................121
三、拉丁舞 ................................................................................................................................126
四、體育舞蹈比賽 ....................................................................................................................131
五、體育舞蹈欣賞 ....................................................................................................................132
第三節(jié)? 花樣跳繩 133
一、花樣跳繩概述 ....................................................................................................................133
二、各種跳繩動(dòng)作 ....................................................................................................................135
第八章? 其他運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目 .................................................................................................................... 149
第一節(jié)? 武術(shù) 150
一、武術(shù)概述 ............................................................................................................................150
二、常見武術(shù)套路內(nèi)?容及分類 ................................................................................................151
第二節(jié)? 太極拳 152
一、太極拳概述 ........................................................................................................................152
二、太極拳基本動(dòng)作 ................................................................................................................153
第三節(jié)? 散打 166
一、散打概述 ............................................................................................................................166
二、散打的技法與特點(diǎn) ............................................................................................................167
三、散打基本技術(shù) ....................................................................................................................167
四、散打防守技術(shù) ....................................................................................................................176
參考文獻(xiàn) .................................................................................................................... 178