第1 章 傳感器技術(shù)應(yīng)用綜述 ························································································ 1 1.1 傳感器的日常典型應(yīng)用 ··························································································· 2 1.2 傳感器的微型化 ···································································································· 6 1.3 智能手機(jī)中的傳感器應(yīng)用 ························································································ 8 1.4 無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) ··································································································· 10 1.4.1 無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)簡介 ···················································································· 10 1.4.2 基于射頻識(shí)別的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) ····································································· 11 1.5 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用概述 ··································································································· 12 拓展練習(xí)題 ··············································································································· 14 第2 章 光電傳感器及其應(yīng)用 ······················································································· 18 2.1 光電傳感器的典型應(yīng)用 ·························································································· 19 2.2 光電效應(yīng)及對(duì)應(yīng)典型器件 ······················································································· 22 2.2.1 外光電效應(yīng)及對(duì)應(yīng)器件 ················································································· 22 2.2.2 光電導(dǎo)效應(yīng)及對(duì)應(yīng)器件 ················································································· 23 2.2.3 光生伏特效應(yīng)及對(duì)應(yīng)器件 ·············································································· 24 2.3 典型光電器件的項(xiàng)目化應(yīng)用 ···················································································· 29 2.4 工程項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例 ································································································ 41 2.5 合作研討 ············································································································ 43 拓展練習(xí)題 ··············································································································· 45 第3 章 紅外傳感器及其應(yīng)用 ······················································································· 48 3.1 紅外傳感器的典型應(yīng)用 ·························································································· 49 3.2 紅外熱釋電效應(yīng)和常用器件 ···················································································· 51 3.3 典型紅外器件的項(xiàng)目化應(yīng)用 ···················································································· 53 3.4 工程項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例 ································································································ 66 3.5 合作研討 ············································································································ 67 拓展練習(xí)題 ··············································································································· 68 第4 章 霍爾傳感器及其應(yīng)用 ······················································································· 71 4.1 霍爾傳感器的典型應(yīng)用 ·························································································· 72 4.1.1 霍爾傳感器在汽車中的應(yīng)用 ··········································································· 72 4.1.2 霍爾傳感器在家用電器和電動(dòng)自行車中的應(yīng)用 ··················································· 74 4.1.3 霍爾傳感器在機(jī)械手限位控制中的應(yīng)用 ···························································· 75 4.1.4 霍爾傳感器在電流檢測(cè)中的應(yīng)用 ····································································· 76 4.2 霍爾元件與集成霍爾傳感器 ···················································································· 77 4.2.1 霍爾元件 ··································································································· 77 4.2.2 集成霍爾傳感器 ·························································································· 79 4.3 集成霍爾傳感器的項(xiàng)目化應(yīng)用 ················································································· 82 4.4 工程項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例 ································································································ 86 4.5 合作研討 ············································································································ 88 拓展練習(xí)題 ··············································································································· 89 第5 章 氣敏傳感器及其應(yīng)用 ······················································································· 92 5.1 氣敏傳感器的典型應(yīng)用 ·························································································· 94 5.2 半導(dǎo)體氣敏傳感器 ································································································ 95 5.3 氣敏傳感器的項(xiàng)目化應(yīng)用 ······················································································· 98 5.4 工程項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例 ······························································································ 107 5.5 合作研討 ·········································································································· 108 拓展練習(xí)題 ············································································································· 112 第6 章 溫度傳感器及其應(yīng)用 ····················································································· 115 6.1 溫度傳感器的典型應(yīng)用 ························································································ 116 6.2 溫度傳感器及其工作原理 ····················································································· 119 6.2.1 阻式溫度傳感器 ························································································ 119 6.2.2 熱電偶 ···································································································· 122 6.2.3 集成溫度傳感器 ························································································ 124 6.3 溫度傳感器的項(xiàng)目化應(yīng)用 ····················································································· 129 6.4 工程項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例 ······························································································ 132 6.5 合作研討 ·········································································································· 133 拓展練習(xí)題 ············································································································· 135 第7 章 濕度傳感器及其應(yīng)用 ····················································································· 139 7.1 濕度傳感器 ······································································································· 140 7.1.1 濕度的表示方法 ························································································ 140 7.1.2 濕度傳感器的分類 ····················································································· 141 7.1.3 濕度傳感器的工作原理 ··············································································· 141 7.2 濕度傳感器的典型應(yīng)用 ························································································ 142 7.3 濕度傳感器的項(xiàng)目化應(yīng)用 ····················································································· 144 7.4 工程項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例 ······························································································ 148 7.5 合作研討 ·········································································································· 149 拓展練習(xí)題 ············································································································· 150 第8 章 超聲波傳感器及其應(yīng)用 ················································································· 154 8.1 超聲波傳感器的典型應(yīng)用 ····················································································· 155 8.2 超聲波探頭及其基本工作原理 ··············································································· 159 8.2.1 超聲波探頭 ······························································································ 159 8.2.2 超聲波探頭的基本工作原理 ········································································· 161 8.3 超聲波傳感器的項(xiàng)目化應(yīng)用 ·················································································· 163 8.4 工程項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例 ······························································································ 169 8.5 合作研討 ·········································································································· 171 拓展練習(xí)題 ············································································································· 174 第9 章 數(shù)字式位置傳感器及其應(yīng)用 ·········································································· 177 9.1 常用的數(shù)字式位置傳感器及基本工作原理 ································································ 178 9.2 數(shù)字式位置傳感器的典型應(yīng)用 ··············································································· 186 9.3 工程項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)案例分析 ························································································ 191 9.4 合作研討 ·········································································································· 196 拓展練習(xí)題 ············································································································· 196 第10 章 現(xiàn)代檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)簡介 ······················································································ 200 10.1 傳感器基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)及接口電路 ················································································ 201 10.1.1 傳感器的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) ···················································································· 201 10.1.2 傳感器接口電路 ······················································································· 206 10.1.3 接地問題與執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)說明 ··········································································· 208 10.2 測(cè)量及誤差的基本知識(shí) ······················································································ 208 10.2.1 測(cè)量方法 ································································································ 209 10.2.2 測(cè)量誤差 ································································································ 209 10.2.3 精密度、準(zhǔn)確度和精確度 ··········································································· 212 10.3 現(xiàn)代測(cè)試系統(tǒng)概述 ···························································································· 212 10.3.1 現(xiàn)代測(cè)試系統(tǒng)基本結(jié)構(gòu)與類型 ····································································· 212 10.3.2 現(xiàn)代測(cè)試技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) ··········································································· 216 10.3.3 現(xiàn)代測(cè)試系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用示例 ·············································································· 217 10.4 基于虛擬儀器的檢測(cè)系統(tǒng) ··················································································· 219 10.4.1 基本組成 ································································································ 219 10.4.2 虛擬儀器檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景 ····································································· 220 10.4.3 虛擬儀器檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) ····································································· 222 10.5 檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)中的計(jì)算機(jī)接口 ··················································································· 223 10.6 自動(dòng)識(shí)別技術(shù) ·································································································· 226 10.6.1 常見的自動(dòng)識(shí)別技術(shù) ················································································· 226 10.6.2 自動(dòng)識(shí)別技術(shù)典型應(yīng)用案例 ········································································ 231 拓展練習(xí)題 ············································································································· 234 第11 章 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中典型傳感器的應(yīng)用 ········································································ 238 11.1 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中典型傳感器的應(yīng)用概述 ·········································································· 239 11.2 智能家居中的傳感器 ························································································· 240 11.3 環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)中的傳感器 ························································································· 247 11.4 健康監(jiān)護(hù)中的人體生理量傳感器 ·········································································· 249 11.5 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)典型方案 ··················································································· 251 拓展練習(xí)題 ············································································································· 257 第12 章 工業(yè)機(jī)器人中的傳感器技術(shù)應(yīng)用 ································································· 262 12.1 不同類型機(jī)器人中的傳感器應(yīng)用概述 ···································································· 263 12.2 工業(yè)機(jī)器人中的傳感器應(yīng)用 ················································································ 265 12.3 常用的工業(yè)機(jī)器人傳感器及其工作原理 ································································· 268 12.4 合作研討 ········································································································ 279 拓展練習(xí)題 ············································································································· 280 第13 章 傳感器在智能樓宇中的應(yīng)用 ········································································ 285 13.1 智能樓宇中的傳感器技術(shù)典型應(yīng)用 ······································································· 286 13.2 智能樓宇中的常見傳感器 ··················································································· 295 13.3 傳感器技術(shù)在樓宇智能化中的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) ································································· 298 拓展練習(xí)題 ············································································································· 300 第14 章 汽車控制中的傳感器技術(shù)應(yīng)用 ····································································· 304 14.1 汽車傳感器的應(yīng)用概述及分類 ············································································· 305 14.1.1 汽車傳感器的應(yīng)用概述 ·············································································· 305 14.1.2 汽車傳感器的種類 ···················································································· 306 14.2 汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制傳感器 ······················································································ 306 14.2.1 空氣流量傳感器 ······················································································· 306 14.2.2 曲軸位置傳感器 ······················································································· 311 14.2.3 進(jìn)氣歧管壓力傳感器 ················································································· 313 14.2.4 溫度傳感器 ····························································································· 314 14.2.5 節(jié)氣門位置傳感器 ···················································································· 315 14.2.6 氧傳感器 ································································································ 318 14.2.7 爆燃傳感器 ····························································································· 320 14.2.8 車速傳感器 ····························································································· 322 14.3 汽車車身控制傳感器 ························································································· 324 拓展練習(xí)題 ············································································································· 327 附錄A 實(shí)驗(yàn) ·············································································································· 332 實(shí)驗(yàn)一 555 報(bào)警器電路的設(shè)計(jì)與制作 ·········································································· 332 實(shí)驗(yàn)二 酒精檢測(cè)報(bào)警電路設(shè)計(jì)與制作 ········································································· 333 實(shí)驗(yàn)三 光電測(cè)試與報(bào)警電路設(shè)計(jì) ··············································································· 335 實(shí)驗(yàn)四 霍爾報(bào)警電路設(shè)計(jì)與制作 ··············································································· 336 實(shí)驗(yàn)五 溫度報(bào)警電路設(shè)計(jì)與制作 ··············································································· 337 實(shí)驗(yàn)六 濕度報(bào)警電路設(shè)計(jì)與制作 ··············································································· 338 參考文獻(xiàn) ···················································································································· 340